A collaborative approach to navigating the recycling process
 

At Avery Dennison, we are constantly evolving to ensure that our materials meet the needs of not just our customers but the value chain as a whole. We do this in a few ways. One is by developing innovations that push the industry forward. The other is by re-engineering our existing solutions to make them more sustainable and ultimately help your packaging be compliant with regulatory requirements. 

One area we place a strong emphasis on is educating ourselves on the complexity of the recycling process for different packaging formats and the role of our labels in the various recycling streams. We are inspired by the Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR), which plans to harmonize the fragmented existing recycling guidelines throughout the EU. Therefore, we focus on the research and development of sustainable label materials that will enable the circularity of packaging. 
 

Research and development collaborations

Our R&D colleagues play an important role in assessing how our labels might affect the recycling processes. Through the power of collaboration, they can better understand what modifications need to take place to ensure our solutions are on par with current recycling guidelines and testing protocols. For example, if recycling guidelines do not properly reflect the industrial recycling process, this can lead to misconceptions in the industry as to whether labels enable the recycling of the primary packaging. Collaboration also offers us the opportunity to share knowledge about pressure-sensitive label solutions with industry counterparts across the value chain, while in turn, we gain insight into the issues and concerns affecting each step of the chain.
 

Science-based testing in HDPE packaging recycling process

In preparation for the PPWR, various associations and regional EPR schemes began to create HDPE recycling guidelines based on the more advanced PET recycling stream; where temperature and washing were key requirements for the separation of pressure-sensitive labels. We wondered if this PET process and its requirements would be the same for HDPE. To better understand how our standard adhesion filmic label solutions for FMCG applications behave during the rigid HDPE recycling process, we decided to conduct a semi-industrial trial to assess how they perform throughout the recycling steps and washing temperatures. 

Morice Hoogteijling, associate development engineer at Avery Dennison Materials Group EMENA, led this semi-industrial trial in collaboration with our sustainability and product teams, in cooperation with The National Test center Circular Plastics (NTCP), an independent non-profit institute founded in 2018 that researches the circularity of plastics. 
 

The results showed that current requirements for label adhesives to wash off in either hot or cold temperatures would have little impact on label releasability during recycling. In fact, 100% of our standard adhesion filmic label solutions are released from HDPE packaging during the recycling process, resulting in clean HDPE flakes.

“What we found was that mechanical stress and friction plays a large role in label releasability, with 97% of our standard adhesion labels releasing during the friction washer cold wash stage of the recycling process, and 100% releasing, after the full cold wash process,” says Morice. 

These test results not only prove the benefits of collaboration but also give us the opportunity to positively impact brands in the FMCG space regarding their labeling choices. Since our standard adhesion filmic label solutions are compatible, brands no longer need to seek out separate labeling solutions that enable recyclability.
 

Label releasability for one-way glass recycling 

Glass packaging can be infinitely recycled without losing any of its characteristics, making it a highly recyclable packaging format. Since the glass recycling process is already well established, the opportunity for progress lies in improving the quality of glass in the closed-loop stream. Similar to our work with HDPE packaging, we are also researching how our labels affect glass recyclability.

As part of our 2030 goals to deliver innovations that advance the circular economy, we collaborate with members of the glass packaging value chain on packaging standards and test methods. As such, we are a member of Cetie, an international organization founded in 1960 that contributes to the development of official standards for the glass and PET industries. 
 


In 2012, as part of a Cetie working group, we designed a new adhesive technology for filmic labels enabling them to remain in place on a glass container with the consumer but cleanly separate during recycling. We also contributed to the development of an important new test method; as methods for glass recycling aren’t yet standardized, this method could, with more research and collaboration , play a fundamental role in the future development of new testing standards.

At present, Peter Heederik, the director of R&D technology platforms at Avery Dennison Materials Group EMENA, is a member of the new ‘Design for Recycling—Glass Containers’ working group with Cetie. This group is dedicated to supporting the EU Commission in its effort to develop rules on recycling various types of glass containers as mandated by the PPWR. Along with the other members of the glass packaging value chain, Peter’s role is to apply the knowledge of label releasability in the glass recycling stream to help optimize the recyclability of single-use glass packaging. 

 “We need to ensure that all factors, including friction, heat and moisture, are considered,” says Peter. “It is therefore important we take a scientific approach to the correct testing protocol that takes into consideration the harmonization of design for recycling guidelines and the need from brands for labeling solutions that are both sustainable and high-quality.”
 

Navigating the complex landscape of paper recycling 

Between a toughening regulatory landscape, evolving paper packaging designs and a growing complexity of recyclability guidelines, all industries contributing to the lifecycle of fiber-based packaging are facing increasing challenges to ensure an efficient paper recycling ecosystem.

While paper recycling rates in Europe are among the highest in the world, the evolution of paper packaging, its modern designs and the increasing complexity of the recycling landscape are posing a challenge for the sorting and recycling technologies developed decades ago. The quality and yields of recycled paper material resulting from these technologies are also under pressure due to new paper consumption trends. For example, the consumption of white fiber notebooks and magazines, a high-value waste stream, is decreasing while the consumption of brown fiber cardboard for shipping packaging and hybrid composite packaging is increasing.

In an effort to address these changes, different institutes across Europe have created their own recycling guidelines and test protocols, which has resulted in a complex playing field for the industry. However, there is a need for coordinated pan-European recycling standards and as such, collaboration is necessary.  

As a member of the cross-industry alliance 4evergreen, we are directly involved in technical workstreams that develop tools and guidance for different aspects of fiber-based packaging sustainability and circularity. 

As part of her role on the paper R&D team, Oana Barsan, senior specialist development engineer at Avery Dennison Materials Group EMENA, collaborates with various organizations to understand the complex and evolving paper recycling landscape throughout Europe and shape the future of this recycling stream. This will help us meet the newest paper recycling guidelines and be compliant with future regulations.

“Monitoring industry progress enables us to support our customers in navigating the complexity of the paper recycling infrastructure, to understand the impact of regulations and to ultimately help develop our products,” says Oana.
 



Looking forward

Our R&D teams will continue to collaborate with organizations to understand how our labels impact the recycling stream, and what improvements are needed to ensure our solutions comply with up-to-date recycling guidelines and testing protocols.

Similarly, collaborations also help us understand whether existing guidelines and testing protocols truly represent the recycling process. Through the power of collaboration, we have the potential to identify areas for improvement and create a positive impact in our industry that could lead to the updating of test standards.

Collaborations with recycling associations and brand owners will aid our R&D developments, as well as enable us to support our customers in reaching their sustainability goals and advancing packaging circularity.

We have a comprehensive product portfolio for every packaging substrate, with solutions that can help your business achieve its sustainability goals. Visit our HDPE  and paper & cardboard pages for information on choosing the right label, and stay tuned, as we are developing more pages on specific substrates to guide you in your labeling choices.